Reverse Osmosis (RO) membranes effectively remove salt and minerals from water through a process of filtration. These membranes are semi-permeable barriers that allow water molecules to pass while blocking larger particles, including dissolved salts, minerals, and contaminants. When water is forced through the membrane under pressure, the dissolved impurities are separated and flushed away, resulting in purified water on one side and a concentrated brine solution on the other. This mechanism significantly reduces total dissolved solids (TDS) and improves water quality, making RO systems ideal for desalination and treating brackish water, ensuring safe and clean drinking water.